Heat olive oil in a large pot over medium-high heat until shimmering. Add ground beef and cook 5-7 minutes, breaking it apart with a wooden spoon until completely browned and no pink remains.
Stir in diced onion, minced garlic, sliced carrots, and chopped celery into the browned beef. Cook 3-4 minutes, stirring occasionally, until the vegetables begin to soften and the onion becomes translucent.
Add tomato paste and stir constantly for 1 minute to caramelize slightly and deepen the flavors. This step builds incredible umami that makes the entire beef vegetable soup taste richer and more complex.
Pour in beef broth and add diced potatoes, diced tomatoes, bay leaves, thyme, and oregano. Bring to a rolling boil, then reduce heat to medium and simmer for 12-15 minutes until potatoes are tender and the cozy soup begins coming together beautifully.
Stir in green beans and corn, then season with salt and pepper to taste. Continue simmering 3-5 minutes until the vegetables are heated through and the comfort beef soup reaches your desired consistency.
Remove bay leaves and taste for seasoning adjustments before serving warm. Ladle into bowls and enjoy immediately while the aromatic beef veggie soup is at peak temperature.